Daniel, P., Weber, R. (1997). Psychoacoustical roughness: Implementation of an optimized model. Acustica 83, 113-123

Roughness is a basic psychoacoustical sensation for rapid amplitude variations which reduces the sensory pleasantness and the quality of noises. In this paper we present a complete implementation of a roughness model based on a suggestion of Aures [1]. Essential features have been improved, and for a variety of modulated and unmodulated sounds the calculated roughness is compared to subjective results of the literature in order to validate the model. Especially for unmodulated white noise and bandpass noise the modified model also ensures a correct calculated roughness in accordance to the subjectively sensed low roughness.